Moisés, o egípcio: problematizações sobre a identidade, a identificação e a decolonialidade / Moses, the Egyptian: problematics of identity, identification, and decoloniality

Resumo: A intenção deste ensaio é a de problematizar a inscrição do discurso psicanalítico, com Freud, no campo do mundo do pós-colonialismo, pela sustentação da categoria de identificação e a crítica correlata da categoria de identidade, assim como pela ênfase na reversibilidade dialética da oposição entre os registros da civilização e da barbárie.

Abstract: The purpose of this essay is to problematize the inscription of psychoanalytic discourse, with Freud, in the field of the post-colonial world by supporting the category of identification and the related criticism of the identity category. It also emphasizes the dialectical reversibility of the opposition between the registers of civilization and barbarism.

(In)tolerância como política: os discursos de direita e de esquerda no facebook / (In)tolerance as policy: the rightist and leftist discourses on facebook / (In)tolerancia como política: los discursos de la derecha y la izquierda en facebook

Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar traços da mentalidade potencialmente autoritária a partir do discurso de usuários do Facebook vinculados a páginas de cunho político autodeclarado de direita e de esquerda no Brasil. A Netnografia é utilizada como aporte metodológico para imersão on-line nas páginas "Eu era Direita e não sabia" e "Jovens de Esquerda", selecionadas por meio do Facebook Audience Insights, ferramenta disponibilizada pelo Facebook. Delas, foram extraídas oito postagens com maior engajamento (número de comentários, curtidas e compartilhamentos), identificadas pelo Netvizz. Foram coletados 3.489 comentários, os quais foram organizados em um corpus textual submetido ao software IRAMUTEQ e analisados sob a perspectiva da análise crítica imanente da teoria crítica. Como resultado, apresenta-se a forma como o pensamento autoritário se manifesta na racionalização da sociedade contemporânea e nas práticas discursivas em redes sociais on-line, enraizada no âmbito sociopolítico brasileiro, ameaçando o processo democrático e a construção de uma sociedade plural e liberta.(AU)

This study aims to analyze traits of the potentially authoritarian mentality from the speech of Facebook users linked to political pages self-declared as rightist and leftist in Brazil. Netnography is used as a methodological contribution for online immersion in the pages "Eu era Direita e não sabia" and "Jovens de Esquerda" selected via Facebook Audience Insights, a tool provided by Facebook. From these, eight posts with greater engagement (number of comments, likes and shares), identified by Netvizz, were extracted. We collected 3,489 comments, which were organized in a textual corpus submitted to IRAMUTEQ software and analyzed from the perspective of immanent critical analysis of Critical Theory. As a result, we present the way in which authoritarian thinking manifests itself in the rationalization of contemporary society and in discursive practices in online social networks, rooted in the Brazilian socio-political sphere, threatening the democratic process and the construction of a plural and free society.(AU)

Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar las huellas de la mentalidad potencialmente autoritaria a partir de los discursos de usuarios en Facebook vinculados a páginas políticas autodeclaradas de derecha y de izquierda en Brasil. La netnografía se utiliza como marco metodológico para la inmersión en línea en las páginas "Eu era Direita e não sabia" y "Jovens de Esquerda", seleccionadas por Facebook Audience Insights, herramienta proporcionada por Facebook. Se extrajeron las ocho publicaciones con mayor compromiso (número de comentarios, gustos y compartidas), identificadas por Netvizz. Se recogieron 3.489 comentarios, los cuales fueron organizados en un corpus textual sometido al software IRAMUTEQ y analizado bajo la perspectiva del análisis crítico inmanente de la teoría crítica. Los resultados presentan la forma en que el pensamiento autoritario se manifiesta en la racionalización de la sociedad contemporánea y en prácticas discursivas en redes sociales en línea, arraigada en el ámbito sociopolítico brasileño, que amenazan el proceso democrático y la construcción de una sociedad plural y liberada.(AU)

De la crisis de los fundamentos, a los fundamentos de una crisis civilizatoria más allá de la Modernidad. COVID 19 como catalizador en Chile / From the crisis of the foundations, to the foundations of a civilizing crisis beyond Modernity. COVID 19 as a catalyst in Chile

Con este trabajo intentamos una aproximación crítica a las tensiones que caracterizan este hoy que sobrevivimos, precipitado por la pandemia del Covid 19 como catalizador inesperado de la crisis civilizatoria que parece atravesamos como Humanidad. Para ello contrastamos la crisis de los fundamentos, con algunos fundamentos de la crisis, quede manera esencialmente recursiva se hacen posibles. La racionalidad y fines del modelo civilizatorio en crisis, en una posible transición acelerada por la pandemia, permiten hacer visibles algunas condiciones de posibilidad para la construcción de contratos sociales, lógicas y racionalidades que apuntan a la Humanidad como fin y razón de ser; frente al individualismo liquidador del sujeto y la individualidad; y a la Armonía, frente a la metáfora del Desarrollo sin límites y la racionalidad instrumental que la sostiene en la Modernidad Occidental.

With this work we try a critical approach to the tensions that characterize this today that we survive, precipitated by the Covid 19 pandemic as an unexpected catalyst of the civilizing crisis that seems to be going through as Humanity. To do this, we contrast the fundamentals crisis with some fundamentals of the crisis, which in an essentially recursive way are made possible. The rationality and ends of the civilizing model in crisis, in a possible transition accelerated by the pandemic, make it possible to make visible some conditions of possibility for the construction of social contracts, logics and rationales that point Humanity as an end and a reason for being; against the liquidating individualism of the subject and individuality; and Harmony, against the metaphor of Development without limits and the instrumental rationality that sustains it in Western Modernity.

Violência civilizacional e colonial no olhar de Frantz Fanon e Sigmund Freud / Civilizatory and colonial violence from the standpoint of Frantz Fanon and Sigmund Freud / Violencia civilizatoria y colonial bajo la mirada de Frantz Fanon y Sigmund Freud

Resumo O presente estudo visa discutir a violência na sua relação com o nascimento da civilização e projeto colonial no pensamento de Freud e Fanon. Na obra freudiana, a violência foi abordada a partir das obras: Futuro de uma Ilusão, O Mal-Estar na Civilização, Por Que a Guerra? e Reflexões para os Tempos de Guerra e Morte. E no pensamento fanoniano a partir de Os Condenados da Terra, mais concretamente no capítulo dedicado à violência. A discussão da obra dos autores foi dividida em três momentos. Primeiramente foi discutido o modo como a construção da civilização europeia e a cultura ocidental têm sido marcadas pela violência aos grupos étnicos externos ao Ocidente. No segundo momento, discorre sobre a violência colonial, articulada com a raça, em que a obra de Fanon teve o seu foco principal. Discute-se ainda, por fim, a "contraviolência" e a violência como meio de se subjetivar diante da subjetividade rechaçada.

Abstract This study discusses violence as pertaining to the birth of civilization and colonial project in Freud and Fanon. In Freud's work, violence was approached in the papers: Future of an Illusion and Civilization and its Discontents; Why War? and Refletion on War and Death. Whereas Fanon thoughts are exposed in the book The Condemned of the Earth, most notably in the chapter dedicated to violence. The discussion of the authors' work was divided into three sections, namely: how the construction of European civilization and/or Western culture has been marked by violence to ethnic groups outside the West; colonial violence articulated with race, focus of Fanon's work; and "contraviolence" and violence as a means of self-subjectifying in the face of rejected subjectivity.

Resumen El presente estudio tiene como objetivo discutir la violencia en su relación con el nacimiento de la civilización y el proyecto colonial en Freud y Fanon. En el trabajo de Freud, se abordaba la violencia desde las obras: El Porvenir de una Ilusión, El Malestar en la Cultura; ¿Por Qué la Guerra? y De Guerra y Muerte: Temas de Actualidad. Y en el pensamiento fanoniano la obra Los Condenados de la Tierra, pero concretamente en el capítulo dedicado a la violencia. La discusión del trabajo de los autores se dividió en tres momentos. En primer lugar, se ha discutido la forma en la cual la construcción de la civilización europea y/o la cultura occidental ha estado marcada por la violencia a los grupos étnicos fuera de Occidente. En segundo trata la violencia colonial, articulada con la raza, en la cual el trabajo de Fanon tenía su enfoque principal. Por último, la "contraviolencia" y la violencia se discuten como un medio de subjetivarse frente a la subjetividad rechazada.

O pai: um estudo sobre a barbárie contemporânea / The father: a study about contemporary barbarism

A proposta desse ensaio é refletir e pensar a barbárie no interior do atual estágio da civilização, tendo como pano de fundo a crise contemporânea de refugiados. Escolhemos como norte da pesquisa os desdobramentos da questão do Pai na teoria psicanalítica e a produção teórica de alguns pensadores de outros campos do conhecimento, com as quais é possível estabelecer diálogos interdisciplinares acerca da violência, crueldade e destruição dos laços sociais.

The purpose of this essay is to reflect and think about barbarism within the current stage of civilization, against the backdrop of the contemporary refugee crisis. We chose as the north of the research the developments of the question of the Father in psychoanalytic theory and the theoretical production of some thinkers from other fields of knowledge, with which it is possible to establish interdisciplinary dialogues about violence, cruelty and the destruction of social ties.

Modernity and the regulation of bodies: Elias meets Foucault

This article seeks to reflect on the possibility of a meeting ground where Michel Foucault and Norbert Elias' thought comes together around the issue of the regulation of drives and bodily practices within modernity. Such drives - among which we highlight the use of force and violence, as well as the acceptable regulation of their release and applications - have been the object of particular procedures within the modern era, whether seen in relation to individuals or from to the social body.(AU)

Differential Change in the Prevalence of the Ascaris, Trichuris and Clonorchis infection Among Past East Asian Populations

As we learn more about parasites in ancient civilizations, data becomes available that can be used to see how infection may change over time. The aim of this study is to assess how common certain intestinal parasites were in China and Korea in the past 2000 years, and make comparisons with prevalence data from the 20th century. This allows us to go on to investigate how and why changes in parasite prevalence may have occurred at different times. Here we show that Chinese liver fluke (Clonorchis sinensis) dropped markedly in prevalence in both Korea and China earlier than did roundworm (Ascaris lumbricoides) and whipworm (Trichuris trichiura). We use historical evidence to determine why this was the case, exploring the role of developing sanitation infrastructure, changing use of human feces as crop fertilizer, development of chemical fertilizers, snail control programs, changing dietary preferences, and governmental public health campaigns during the 20th century.

El malestar en el trabajo y la cultura contemporánea / Workplace dissatisfaction and contemporary culture

¿Qué podemos extraer del Psicoanálisis freudiano y lacaniano que nos ayuden a comprender el malestar en el trabajo en la cultura contemporánea? Nuestra intención es abordar la noción de malestar en parte de la obra de Freud, Lacan, así como de algunos de sus lectores actuales, para destacar algunas construcciones conceptuales que nos ayuden en la comprensión del malestar, del sufrimiento y del síntoma con el trabajo en nuestro tiempo. En un primer momento trascurrimos en el clásico texto freudiano "El malestar en la cultura" sus referencias al trabajo buscando comprender su relación con el malestar. Enseguida buscamos en Lacan las características del malestar contemporáneo. Concluimos intentando pensar los síntomas mentales producidos con el trabajo hoy en día a la luz de las nociones trabajadas en Freud y Lacan. (AU)

What can we learn from Freudian and Lacanian psychoanalysis to help us understand work dissatisfaction in contemporary civilization? We reviewed this concept in the works of Freud, Lacan, and some of your current readers, to highlight some conceptual constructs that help us understand the discomfort, suffering and symptoms associated with work in our time. First we review the classic Freudian text "Malaise in civilization" and its references in order to better understand their relationship to malaise. Next,we review Lacan's work to identify the characteristics of contemporary malaise. We conclude by reflecting on mental symptoms produced today by work today in the light of the concepts developed by Freud and Lacan(AU)

A young couple's grave found in the Rakhigarhi cemetery of the Harappan Civilization / 대한해부학회지

The Harappan Civilization, one of the earliest complex societies in the world, flourished on the Indian subcontinent. Although many additional Harappan settlements and cemeteries have been discovered and investigated, no coupled burials at Harappan cemeteries have been reported to date. In 2013–2016, we excavated the cemetery of the Rakhigarhi site (Haryana), the largest city of the Harappan Civilization. At the site, we found a grave that turned out to be a coupled (joint) burial of the primary type. This report is the first anthropologically confirmed case of coupled burial from a Harappan cemetery.

Religião, ciência e capitalismo: sujeito massificado, objeto padrão e medida comum para o gozo / Religion, science and capitalism: massified individual, standard object and common measure for enjoyment

Resumo: O presente artigo discute, desde a psicanálise, de que maneira os discursos da religião, da ciência e do capitalismo ao produzirem a massificação dos sujeitos através da oferta de um sentido, de um saber e de um objeto padrão colocados como medida comum para o gozo acabam excluindo não apenas a singularidade do sujeito, mas, cada vez mais, suas chances inventivas diante do desamparo e do mal-estar, condições estruturais e estruturantes da vida humana.

Abstract: This article discusses, from psychoanalysis, how religion, science and capitalism discourses producing massification of the individuals through the offer of a standardized meaning, knowledge and object, set as a common measure for enjoyment end up excluding not only the singularity of the individual but also their inventive chances before helplessness and uneasiness, structural and structuring conditions of human life.

Barbárie versus civilização: a problemática da bildung / Barbarism versus civilization: the problem of bildung / La barbarie versus la civilización: la problemática de la bildung

Resumo O artigo coteja a premissa freudiana do mal-estar da civilização com a leitura do conceito de semiformação em Adorno. Apresentam-se as ideias principais do ensaio “Teoria de la seudocultura” (Adorno, 1966), em que é proposto que a formação cultural (Bildung) afasta o homem da natureza e do corpo. A noção de semiformação pressupõe que a civilização teria, já em sua origem, o germe de seu colapso, pelo fato de buscar a dominação da natureza e do corpo. Desse modo, observamos que Adorno não é estranho a Freud quando concebe a violência instalada no cerne mesmo da civilização. Em 1930, Freud constata que não é mais possível partilhar do entusiasmo pela civilização como um bem precioso que conduziria todos os homens à mais elevada perfeição. Há um antagonismo entre as exigências da pulsão e as restrições da civilização que faz com que o conflito seja insolúvel e o desamparo, irremediável.

Resumen El presente artículo coteja la premisa freudiana del malestar en la civilización con la lectura del concepto de la semiformación en Adorno. Presentamos las ideas principales del ensayo "Teoría de la seudocultura" (Adorno, 1966), donde se propone que la formación cultural (Bildung) alejó el hombre de la naturaleza y del cuerpo. La noción de semiformación presupone que la civilización hubiera tenido ya en su origen, el germen de su colapso, debido a la búsqueda de la dominación de la naturaleza y del cuerpo. De esa manera, vemos que Adorno no es ajeno a Freud, cuando concibe la violencia instalada en el corazón mismo de la civilización. En 1930, Freud señala que ya no es posible más compartir el entusiasmo por la civilización como un activo valioso, que conduciría a todos los hombres a la más alta perfección. Existe un antagonismo entre las exigencias de la pulsión y las restricciones de la civilización, lo que hace que el conflicto sea insoluble y el desamparo, irremediable.

Abstract This article correlates the Freudian premise of the malaise in civilization with Adorno’s concept of semi-formation. The main concepts in the essay “Theory of Pseudo-culture” (Adorno, 1966) are presented. In it, Adorno proposed that cultural formation (Bildung) shifts man away from nature and the body. The notion of semi-formation assumes that civilization would have, in its origin, the seeds of its collapse, by way of its quest for domination of nature and the body. Thus, Adorno is seen as no stranger to Freud, when he conceives violence as installed in the very core of civilization. In 1930, Freud realizes it is no longer possible to share the enthusiasm for civilization as a valuable asset that would lead all men to the highest perfection. There is an antagonism between the demands of drive and the restraints of civilization that makes conflict insoluble and helplessness unavoidable.

evaluation of the historical importance of fertility and its reflection in ancient mythology

Myths are reflective of human concerns and needs during ancient times. By reviewing them, it turns out that many human problems today, have a historical background. Among the main themes of ancient mythologies, fertility and reproduction have various representations in ancient civilizations. The purpose of this paper was to review myths and common symbols of fertility and reproduction in ancient civilizations and evaluate the reasons of their continuous importance in different cultures. The data in this review study was obtained by scrutinizing the related literature. The gathered data indicated the multiplicity and variety of fertility symbols in ancient myths. Most ancient fertility symbols were inspired by the nature and some of them like earth and water were common in mythology of different civilizations. Therefore, the symbols consolidate the concept of conformity between human reproductive concerns and the nature's necessities

O deslocamento do "Terceiro": ascensão e declínio da civilização / The displacement of the "Third-party": the rise and decline of civilization

Este artigo tem a intenção de analisar a relação entre o processo de civilização e a existência de um representante de autoridade, que sob o ponto de vista psicanalítico é qualificado pelo constructo &"Terceiro", tendo em vista a necessidade de constrição de aspectos da conduta humana para uma vida em sociedade. Assim, desenvolve-se a hipótese de um possível deslocamento desse "Terceiro", ou seja, aquele que introduz o simbólico e representa a Lei, ao longo dos séculos. Para tal entendimento serão explanadas algumas ideias em torno da temática durante o percurso da humanidade, considerando conceitos antropológicos, sociológicos e psicanalíticos.

This article intends to analyze the relation between the process of civilization and the existence of an authority representative, who under the psychoanalytic point of view is qualified by the construct "third party", in view of the need for constricting aspects of human conduct for a social life. Thus develops the hypothesis of a possible displacement of this "third party", the one that introduces the symbolic and represents the Law, over the centuries. For such an understanding will be explained some ideas about the matter during the course of humanity, considering concepts anthropological, sociological and psychoanalytic.

Human Skeletal Remains from Ancient Burial Sites in India: With Special Reference to Harappan Civilization / 체질인류학회지

Harappan Civilization is well known for highly sophisticated urban society, having been flourished in extensive regions of northwestern part of Pakistan and northeastern part of Afghanistan as its heyday around 4500 years ago. Most archaeologists agree on the periodization of this civilization as three different phases (Early, Mature and Late), which represent its cultural process of origin, development and decline. From the Harappan sites, one can note that there were about more than fifty burial sites discovered so far related with the civilization. In this article, we are trying to introduce the brief picture of the Harappan burials from the archaeological as well as anthropological perspectives.

Green Chemistry at the present in Korea

OBJECTIVES: Despite the great contribution made by chemical substances to the development of modern civilization, their indiscriminate use has caused various kinds of damage to the global environment and human beings. Accordingly, the major developed countries and international society have tried to ensure the safe use of chemicals and a reduction in the use of hazardous chemicals through the establishment of the United Nations Environment Programme and various international agreements. In this reason, we tried to introduce about Green Chemistry progress at the present in worldwide and Korea. METHODS: We checked and analyzed relative journals, reports using keyword as like Green Chemistry, alternative chemicals, eco-friendly etc. and major country's government homepage search. RESULTS: Green Chemistry theory, which argues for the reduction or removal of harmfulness in chemicals throughout their entire life-cycle, has been spreading, and major developed countries, such as the US and Denmark, have developed and operate programs to provide reliable chemical information to help replace hazardous chemicals. Korea has also been conducting studies as like eco-innovation project. Through this project the "Alternative Chemical Search program," has been developed, distributed, and operated since 2011 to provide reliable information to small and medium-sized businesses that have difficulties collecting information to ensure conformity to international regulations. The program provides information that includes the regulations of major countries and Korea, information on 340 alternative chemicals, 70 application cases, and 1:1 consulting. CONCLUSIONS: The Alternative Chemical Search program is expected to contribute to the establishment of response systems for regulation of Korean small and medium-sized businesses, and it also will be used to provide basic data for Korean hazardous chemical regulation, together with the Act on the Registration and Evaluation, etc. of Chemical Substances and the Chemical Control act, making it possible to establish an infrastructure for Green Chemistry in Korea and to increase national competitiveness.

Green Chemistry at the present in Korea

OBJECTIVES: Despite the great contribution made by chemical substances to the development of modern civilization, their indiscriminate use has caused various kinds of damage to the global environment and human beings. Accordingly, the major developed countries and international society have tried to ensure the safe use of chemicals and a reduction in the use of hazardous chemicals through the establishment of the United Nations Environment Programme and various international agreements. In this reason, we tried to introduce about Green Chemistry progress at the present in worldwide and Korea. METHODS: We checked and analyzed relative journals, reports using keyword as like Green Chemistry, alternative chemicals, eco-friendly etc. and major country's government homepage search. RESULTS: Green Chemistry theory, which argues for the reduction or removal of harmfulness in chemicals throughout their entire life-cycle, has been spreading, and major developed countries, such as the US and Denmark, have developed and operate programs to provide reliable chemical information to help replace hazardous chemicals. Korea has also been conducting studies as like eco-innovation project. Through this project the "Alternative Chemical Search program," has been developed, distributed, and operated since 2011 to provide reliable information to small and medium-sized businesses that have difficulties collecting information to ensure conformity to international regulations. The program provides information that includes the regulations of major countries and Korea, information on 340 alternative chemicals, 70 application cases, and 1:1 consulting. CONCLUSIONS: The Alternative Chemical Search program is expected to contribute to the establishment of response systems for regulation of Korean small and medium-sized businesses, and it also will be used to provide basic data for Korean hazardous chemical regulation, together with the Act on the Registration and Evaluation, etc. of Chemical Substances and the Chemical Control act, making it possible to establish an infrastructure for Green Chemistry in Korea and to increase national competitiveness.

Justiça e contrato social em Rousseau / Justice and social contract in Rousseau

O principal objetivo deste artigo é estabelecer uma reflexão sobre os conceitos de justiça e contrato social na obra de Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Objetivo elucidar o lugar que essa problemática ocupa em seu pensamento, enfatizando como as desigualdades naturais entre os homens, minimamente consideradas por Rousseau, foram significativamente alargadas com o advento da sociedade. Devido à extensão da temática, limito a investigação ao estudo dos textos Discurso sobre a origem e os fundamentos da desigualdade entre os homens e Do contrato social. De posse destes meios, pretendo apresentar o momento em que Rousseau é impelido a pensar a ideia de justiça a partir da perspectiva contratualista.

The main objective of this paper is to establish a reflection on the concepts of justice and the social contract in the work of Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Objective To elucidate the role of that problem occupies in his thinking, emphasizing how the natural inequalities among men, minimally considered by Rousseau, were significantly expanded with the advent of the society. Due to the length of the theme, I limit the investigation to the study of speech texts on the origin and foundations of inequality among men and The Social Contract. With these means, intend to present the moment that Rousseau is impelled to think the idea of justice from the contractarian perspective.